depending of the option you use to install it. You can use it without installing the mbr part, in this case only the /boot directory is populated. You have all the necessary information on the syslinux arch wiki page :
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/syslinux.
As far as remember, if windows was installed first , you need to use it own bootloader because windows doesn't accept to not be the first at the first sector of the first partition(yes, again a dictator system).So,use the windows bootloader to start the linux part, and only populate the /boot partition with syslinux or grub without installing the MBR part.
Some other information can be found here :
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Dual_boot_with_Windows
Note : usually you install syslinux with -iam option, in this case do not use the -m option which install the mbr part, use syslinux-install_update -h to see the help :).
Note : @ ray, thanks for the wiki